Statistical and Mathematical Methods for Data Science (HEC)

Statistical and Mathematical Methods for Data Science

Credit Hours: 3

Prerequisites: None

Date : 7 June 2018

Course Contents:

Probability:

Probability basics (axioms of probability,

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-are-probability-axioms-3126567

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_axioms

https://math.tutorvista.com/statistics/probability-axioms.html

http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~dsmyers/cs547/lecture_6_probability.pdf

conditional probability,

http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/BS/BS704_Probability/BS704_Probability3.html

http://onlinestatbook.com/2/probability/basic.html

random variables,

https://projects.ncsu.edu/crsc/events/ugw06/presentations/scheywar/finalundergrad.pdf

https://www.linkedin.com/learning/statistics-foundations-2/probability-and-random-variables

expectation, independence,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_(probability_theory)

https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/math/statistics_and_probability/probability/further_concepts_in_probability

https://www.cse.iitk.ac.in/users/piyush/courses/pml_fall17/material/probabilty_tutorial.pdf

etc.), (Ignored)

https://www.wikihow.com/Use-%22Etc.%22-Correctly

multivariate distributions,

http://idiom.ucsd.edu/~rlevy/pmsl_textbook/chapters/pmsl_3.pdf

Maximum a posteriori and maximum likelihood estimation;

https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-Maximum-Likelihood-ML-and-Maximum-a-Posteriori-MAP-estimation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_a_posteriori_estimation

https://wiseodd.github.io/techblog/2017/01/01/mle-vs-map/

http://blog.ivansiu.com/blog/2014/09/24/notes-on-maximum-likelihood/

https://www.probabilitycourse.com/chapter9/9_1_2_MAP_estimation.php

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_a_posteriori_estimation

Statistics:

introduction to concentration bounds,

https://www.cs.utah.edu/~jeffp/teaching/cs7931-S15/cs7931/6-matrix-concentration-bounds.pdf

https://www.cs.cornell.edu/~sridharan/concentration.pdf

https://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~mjwain/stat210b/Chap2_TailBounds_Jan22_2015.pdf

laws of large numbers,

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability/random-variables-stats-library/expected-value-lib/v/law-of-large-numbers

https://www.britannica.com/science/law-of-large-numbers

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_large_numbers

central limit theorem,

http://stattrek.com/statistics/dictionary.aspx?definition=Central_limit_theorem

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_limit_theorem

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-statistics/sampling-distribution-ap/sampling-distribution-mean/v/central-limit-theorem

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JNm3M9cqWyc

minimum mean - squared error estimation,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_mean_square_error

https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-011-introduction-to-communication-control-and-signal-processing-spring-2010/readings/MIT6_011S10_chap08.pdf

https://math.tutorvista.com/statistics/mean-squared-error.html

confidence intervals;

http://stattrek.com/estimation/confidence-interval.aspx

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability/confidence-intervals-one-sample

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwpobQmUTd8

Linear algebra:

Vector spaces,

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/linear-algebra/vectors-and-spaces

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XDvSsDsLVLs

Projections (will also cover the least regression),

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projection_(linear_algebra)

http://math.mit.edu/~gs/linearalgebra/ila0403.pdf

https://ww2.amstat.org/publications/jse/v18n1/kachapova.pdf

linear transformations,

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/linear-algebra/matrix-transformations/linear-transformations/v/linear-transformations

http://linear.ups.edu/html/section-LT.html

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Linear_Algebra/Linear_Transformations

singular value decomposition (this substitute for PCA),

https://jeremykun.com/2016/04/18/singular-value-decomposition-part-1-perspectives-on-linear-algebra/

http://andrew.gibiansky.com/blog/mathematics/cool-linear-algebra-singular-value-decomposition/

https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/18-06sc-linear-algebra-fall-2011/positive-definite-matrices-and-applications/singular-value-decomposition/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singular-value_decomposition

eigen decomposition,

https://eigen.tuxfamily.org/dox/group__TutorialLinearAlgebra.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HWnCv4iHCDc

https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~dasgupta/291-unsup/lec7.pdf

power method;

https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/89572/understanding-power-method-inverse-iteration-in-linear-algebra

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Linear_Algebra/Topic:_The_Method_of_Powers

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_iteration

Optimization:

Matrix calculus with Lagrange Multipliers,

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/multivariable-calculus/applications-of-multivariable-

https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2116137/explicit-derivation-of-lagrange-multipliers

https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2019471/lagrange-multipliers-on-matrix-function

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~ggordon/lp.pdf

http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcIII/LagrangeMultipliers.aspx

derivatives/constrained-optimization/a/lagrange-multipliers-examples

http://people.duke.edu/~hpgavin/cee201/LagrangeMultipliers.pdf

https://www.khanacademy.org/math/multivariable-calculus/applications-of-multivariable-derivatives/constrained-optimization/a/lagrange-multipliers-single-constraint

gradient descent,

https://machinelearningmastery.com/linear-regression-tutorial-using-gradient-descent-for-machine-learning/

https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1652661/gradient-descent-l2-norm-regularization

coordinate descent,

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uvgru6FcyxU

http://www.math.tamu.edu/~yvorobet/MATH304-2011A/Lect2-07web.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_algebra

http://www.math.ucla.edu/~wotaoyin/papers/coordinate_descent.html

introduction to convex optimization.

https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-079-introduction-to-convex-optimization-fall-2009/lecture-notes/MIT6_079F09_lec15.pdf

https://web.stanford.edu/~boyd/cvxbook/bv_cvxbook.pdf

https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/electrical-engineering-and-computer-science/6-079-introduction-to-convex-optimization-fall-2009/lecture-notes/

Teaching Methodology: Lectures, Problem based learning

Course Assessment:

Sessional Exam, Home Assignments, Quizzes, Project, Presentations, Final Exam

Reference Materials

Books:

1. Probability and Statistics for Computer Scientists, 2^nd Edition, Michael Baron

2. Linear Algebra and Its Applications, 5^th Edition, David C. Lay and Steven R. Lay

3. Introduction to Linear Algebra, 5^th Edition, Gilbert Strang

4. Probability for Computer Scientists, online Edition, David Forsyth.

Contact Information :

If you would like to participate in this course and assessment development project, please contact Khawar Nehal on khawar@atrc.net.pk

You are welcome to send suggestions on how to improve this course.

Postal Address : C-55 Block A KDA Officers, Karachi 75260, Pakistan

Web : http://atrc.net.pk

Mobile : 92 331 2036 422

Petroleum Engineering - Unconventional Reservoirs HEC

Petroleum Engineering - Unconventional Reservoirs

By : Khawar Nehal

Date : 10 June 2018

Course code: PET-212

Course title: Unconventional Reservoirs

Credit hours: 3+0

Prerequisite: Pre - Engineering or Equivalent

Specific Objectives of Course:

To enable the students to understand unconventional reservoirs.

Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs): After studying this course, the learners will be able to: -

1. Discuss the fundamentals of different types of unconventional hydrocarbon resources.

http://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Hydrocarbon_resource

https://www.ektinteractive.com/production/production-fundamentals/

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs12182-015-0060-7.pdf

http://nas-sites.org/uhroundtable/about-uhcs/

http://www.oil-gasportal.com/technologies/unconventional-oilgas/fundamentals/

2. Understand the economics , social, political and environmental

issues related to the development of unconventional reservoirs.

http://www.sustainalytics.com/sites/default/files/unconventional-fossil-fuel-shalegas_final.pdf

http://www.eolss.net/Sample%2DChapters/C12/E1-06-02-06.pdf

https://www.irgc.org/issues/unconventional-gas/

https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-061102?journalCode=energy

https://industry.gov.au/resource/UpstreamPetroleum/Pages/UnconventionalGas.aspx

https://www.claytonutz.com/knowledge/2018/january/draft-social-impact-assessment-framework-for-nt-hydraulic-fracking-inquiry-released-have-your-say

http://www.shsu.edu/~glt002/Research%20articles/Theodori%20SRS%202009.pdf

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.7b02185

3. Calculate the reserves of unconventional reservoirs.

http://www.allaboutshale.com/a-new-method-to-calculate-the-recoverable-reserves-and-recovery-ratio-of-shale-gas-reservoir/

http://petromgt.com/lunch-learn/challenges-in-reserves-estimate-for-tightunconventional-reservoir/

http://www.spe.org/training/courses/MEOS1.php

https://support.sas.com/resources/papers/proceedings15/SAS1910-2015.pdf

http://file.scirp.org/pdf/OJOGas_2017102615141304.pdf

http://www.cgpetroleum.com/uploads/2/5/2/2/25228942/hanson_wade_reu_2015.pdf

http://images.sdsmt.edu/learn/Creties%20Jenkins.pdf

http://www.spe-qld.org/useruploads/files/tom_blasingame.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_reserves

http://petrowiki.org/Reserves_estimation_of_shale_gas

4. Understand basic measurement techniques for characterization of unconventional resources.

https://csegrecorder.com/articles/view/on-the-characterization-of-unconventional-oil-reservoirs

http://www.allaboutshale.com/new-rock-eval-method-characterization-unconventional-shale-resource-systems/

https://www.slb.com/services/characterization/reservoir/core_pvt_lab/rock_laboratory_services/core_analysis_conventional_resources.aspx

https://journalistesdebout.com/pdf/unconventional-gas-reservoirs-evaluation-appraisal-and-development/

https://journalistesdebout.com/get/ebook.php?id=2zJdAgAAQBAJ&file=Unconventional%20Gas%20Reservoirs%20by%20M.%20Rafiqul%20Islam

Content List

1. Introduction to Unconventional Energy Resources

a.Economic significance, technical, economic, political, and

environmental constraints on development of unconventional

resources.

https://www.elsevier.com/books/the-future-supply-of-nature-made-petroleum-and-gas/meyer/978-0-08-021735-2

2. Occurrences, resources and reservoir

characteristics.

http://file.scirp.org/pdf/OJG_2017051111291575.pdf

a. Low-permeability (Tight) sands;

https://www.ogj.com/unconventional-resources/tight-gas.html

http://www.ogs.ou.edu/MEETINGS/Presentations/Unconvres809/Smith.pdf

http://petrowiki.org/Tight_gas_reservoirs

http://emfi.mines.edu/emfi2011/Tight%20Gas%20Sands%20-%20EMFI%20Summary.pdf

http://www.discovery-group.com/pdfs/2010_Cluff%20&%20Byrnes%20-%20Permeability%20Jail,%20SPWLA%2051st%20Ann%20Symp%20Perth.pdf

b. Shale reservoirs (gas and oil)

https://www.energy.gov/fe/shale-reservoir-characterization

https://www.netl.doe.gov/File%20Library/Events/2016/fy16%20cs%20rd/Wed/Sheng.pdf

http://www.welldog.com/industry-solutions/shale-oil-gas/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_shale

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405656116302541

c. Coal Bed Methane (CBM)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane

https://imambudiraharjo.wordpress.com/2010/01/19/mengenal-cbm-coal-bed-methane/

http://www.deepindustries.com/Pages/Coal%20Bed%20Methane%20(CBM).aspx

https://www.slb.com/services/technical_challenges/unconventional_resources/coalbed_methane.aspx

https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs123-00/fs123-00.pdf

http://frack-off.org.uk/extreme-energies/coal-bed-methane/

http://petrowiki.org/Coalbed_methane

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coalbed_methane_extraction

https://webforms.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Shale_gas_and_coal_bed_methane/$File/Shale_gas_and_coal_bed_methane_-__Potential_sources_of_sustained_energy_in_the_future.pdf

d. Gas hydrates;

http://www.wou.edu/las/physci/Energy/Gas_Hydrates.html

https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/hydrates.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_hydrate

https://energy.usgs.gov/OilGas/UnconventionalOilGas/GasHydrates.aspx

https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-are-gas-hydrates?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products

https://www.gns.cri.nz/Home/Our-Science/Energy-Resources/Gas-Hydrates/What-are-Gas-Hydrates2

https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/natural-gas-hydrates.htm

https://www.slb.com/services/technical_challenges/unconventional_resources/gas_hydrates.aspx

e. Heavy

oil

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_crude_oil

http://petrowiki.org/Heavy_oil

https://www.slb.com/services/technical_challenges/heavy_oil.aspx

https://www.rigzone.com/training/heavyoil/insight.asp?i_id=184

http://www.halliburton.com/en-US/ps/solutions/heavy-oil/default.page

https://www.bakerhughes.com/capabilities/unconventional-hydrocarbons/heavy-oil-oil-sands

https://www.britannica.com/science/heavy-oil

https://wiki.factorio.com/Heavy_oil

https://quizlet.com/50826305/heavy-oil-flash-cards/

http://www.aoga.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/HRES-3.10.11-Lunch-Learn-BP-Heavy-Oil1.pdf

3. Drilling and completion methods for unconventional reservoirs.

http://www.adv-res.com/pdf/0441-Von-Schoenfeldt_S-Stevens-2004.pdf

http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/pdfz/abstracts/pdf/2003/eastern/ndx_wight.pdf.html

https://engineering.tamu.edu/media/838307/612_Syllabus_10C.pdf

http://www.halliburton.com/en-US/ps/solutions/unconventional-resources/tight-gas-complex-gas.page

http://oaktrust.library.tamu.edu/bitstream/handle/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2071/RAMASWAMY-THESIS.pdf

4. Other unconventional energy resources

http://unconventionalenergyresources.com/

https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/AlternativeEnergySources.php

https://www.energy.gov/fe/services/petroleum-reserves/naval-petroleum-reserves/oil-shale-and-other-unconventional-fuels

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_energy

http://smallbusiness.chron.com/conventional-unconventional-sources-energy-39934.html

http://www.ccs.neu.edu/home/gene/peakoil/node3.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconventional_oil

a. Geothermal energy,

https://www.energy.gov/science-innovation/energy-sources/renewable-energy/geothermal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_energy

https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/geothermal-energy/tech.html

http://www.geo-energy.org/basics.aspx

https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/geothermal

https://www.britannica.com/science/geothermal-energy

https://www.nrel.gov/workingwithus/re-geothermal.html

https://www.energy.gov/eere/geothermal/geothermal-basics

http://www.dictionary.com/browse/geothermal-energy

https://study.com/academy/lesson/geothermal-and-tidal-energy-advantages-and-disadvantages.html

b. Coal conversion to Gas,

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_gasification

https://www.power-eng.com/articles/print/volume-119/issue-6/features/coal-to-gas-plant-conversions-in-the-u-s.html

https://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Coal_plant_conversion_projects

https://www.aogr.com/web-exclusives/exclusive-story/power-generators-turning-to-natural-gas

https://www.transalta.com/about-us/coal-to-gas/

https://btuanalytics.com/coal-to-gas-switching-in-2016/

https://www.extension.iastate.edu/agdm/wholefarm/html/c6-89.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_gas

http://www.powermag.com/natural-gas-conversions-of-existing-coal-fired-boilers/

http://www.transgasdevelopment.com/about/process.php

c. Coal – to - gas and In-situ gasification.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underground_coal_gasification

https://www.studentenergy.org/topics/in-situ-gasification

https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6335981-situ-coal-gasification-new-technology

https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5178059

http://www.canadiancleanpowercoalition.com/files/5614/2057/0205/In-situ_Gasification_-_Phase_IV.pdf

http://leg.mt.gov/bills/mca/title_0820/chapter_0040/part_0020/section_0070/0820-0040-0020-0070.html

https://www.netl.doe.gov/research/coal/energy-systems/gasification/gasifipedia/biological-coal-gasification

https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyNET.exe/9101DXNW.TXT?ZyActionD=ZyDocument&Client=EPA&Index=1976+Thru+1980&Docs=&Query=&Time=&EndTime=&SearchMethod=1&TocRestrict=n&Toc=&TocEntry=&QField=&QFieldYear=&QFieldMonth=&QFieldDay=&IntQFieldOp=0&ExtQFieldOp=0&XmlQuery=&File=D%3A%5Czyfiles%5CIndex%20Data%5C76thru80%5CTxt%5C00000028%5C9101DXNW.txt&User=ANONYMOUS&Password=anonymous&SortMethod=h%7C-&MaximumDocuments=1&FuzzyDegree=0&ImageQuality=r75g8/r75g8/x150y150g16/i425&Display=hpfr&DefSeekPage=x&SearchBack=ZyActionL&Back=ZyActionS&BackDesc=Results%20page&MaximumPages=1&ZyEntry=1&SeekPage=x&ZyPURL#

https://web.anl.gov/PCS/acsfuel/preprint%20archive/Files/23_3_MIAMI%20BEACH_09-78_0041.pdf

d. Water and environmental issues.

https://toxics.usgs.gov/pubs/KharakaIntro.PDF

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_petroleum_industry

https://www.environmentalscience.org/career/petroleum-engineer

http://www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C08/E6-185-18.pdf

http://www.dummies.com/education/science/environmental-science/what-is-the-environmental-impact-of-petroleum-and-natural-gas/

https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/petroleum-engineers.htm

e. Natural fractures and its importance in unconventional resources.

https://www.slb.com/services/technical_challenges/geomechanics/reservoir_management/naturally_fractured_reservoirs.aspx

http://unconventionalenergyresources.com/

http://www.allaboutshale.com/modeling-and-simulation-of-natural-gas-production-from-unconventional-shale-reservoirs-feast-wu-walton-cheng-chen/

https://seg.org/Education/Courses/Catalog/seismic-methods-unconventional-resources

https://www.ucsusa.org/clean-energy/coal-and-other-fossil-fuels/shale-gas-unconventional-sources-natural-gas#.Wx1XPhy-neQ

https://www.spe.org/en/jpt/jpt-article-detail/?art=3247

8. Basic measurements for characterization of unconventional

resources

https://www.scribd.com/document/325432437/New-Rock-eval-Method-for-Characterization-of-Unconventional-Resources

http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/documents/2017/51379ramiro-ramirez/ndx_ramiro.pdf

https://www.nautilusworld.com/Content/pdf/CourseOutlines/N437_outline.pdf

https://www.spe-qld.org/useruploads/files/tom_blasingame.pdf

http://www.allaboutshale.com/a-technical-review-on-shale-gas-production-and-unconventional-reservoirs-modeling/

https://www.slb.com/services/technical_challenges/unconventional_resources.aspx

https://www.slb.com/resources/case_studies/technical_challenges/unconventional_gas/shale_gas/lwd_measurements_eagle_ford_shale.aspx

https://search.spe.org/i2kweb/SPE/search?filters=publisher%3AUnconventional+Resources+Technology+Conference

http://ungi.mines.edu/publications.html

http://www.ni.com/tutorial/6645/en/

https://www.dmr.nd.gov/ndgs/documents/newsletter/2012January/BasicGeochemicalEvaluationofUnconventionalResourcePlays.pdf

http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~nowack/Mark_Willis-EnergyLecture-040215.pdf

https://www.scribd.com/document/325432437/New-Rock-eval-Method-for-Characterization-of-Unconventional-Resources

http://mcee.ou.edu/aaspi/publications/2013/Alzate_Interpretation.pdf

http://www.searchanddiscovery.com/abstracts/html/2017/90291ace/abstracts/2603422.html

http://www.oil-gasportal.com/technologies/unconventional-oilgas/innovations-2/

http://www.tek.com/dl/1KW-60826-0_4200AMaterialsAppsGuide.pdf

http://www.pe.tamu.edu/blasingame/data/0_TAB_Public/TAB_Publications/SPE_145080_(Clarkson)_Res_Eng_Uncon_Reservoirs.pdf

https://www.corelab.com/ps/unconventional-reservoir-services

http://petrowiki.org/Basic_elements_of_a_reservoir_characterization_study

https://www.cgg.com/data/1/rec_docs/3035_Rock-Properties-for-Success-in-Shales-WhitePaper.pdf

Practicum NIL

Bibliography/References

1. Books:

a. Reza Rezaee, “Fundamentals of Gas Shale Reservoirs”

2015.

b. Usman Ahmed and Nathan Meehan; Unconventional Oil and

Gas Resources-Exploitation and Development, CRC Press,

2016, pp 860

c. Ma and Holditch, “Unconventional Oil and Gas

Resources Handbook: Evaluation and Development”, 1st Edition,

Elsevier, 2015

d. A Guide to Coal - bed Methane Operations, Gas Research

Institute, GRI, Chicago, 1992.

2. Journals/Periodicals: NIL

3. World Wide Web: NIL

Contact Information :

If you would like to participate in this course and assessment development project, please contact Khawar Nehal on khawar@atrc.net.pk

You are welcome to send suggestions on how to improve this course.

Postal Address : C-55 Block A KDA Officers, Karachi 75260, Pakistan

Web : http://atrc.net.pk

Mobile : 92 331 2036 422